#!/usr/bin/env python3
# This file is part of the Wapiti project (https://wapiti-scanner.github.io)
# Copyright (C) 2020-2023 Nicolas Surribas
# Copyright (C) 2020-2024 Cyberwatch
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
import json
import os
import asyncio
import shutil
import string
from typing import Dict, Tuple, Optional, List, AsyncIterator
import re
from urllib.parse import urlparse, quote_plus

from aiocache import cached
from httpx import RequestError

from wapiti_arsenic import get_session, browsers, services
from wapiti_arsenic.errors import JavascriptError, UnknownError, ArsenicError

from wapitiCore.attack.cve.checker import (
    CVEChecker, cvss_score_to_wapiti_level, CVE_DIRECTORY, SUPPORTED_SOFTWARES, is_cve_supported_software
)
from wapitiCore.controller.exceptions import InvalidOptionValue
from wapitiCore.definitions.vulnerable_software_version import VulnerableSoftwareFinding
from wapitiCore.main.log import logging, log_blue, log_severity
from wapitiCore.net.web import is_valid_url
from wapitiCore.attack.attack import Attack
from wapitiCore.net.response import Response
from wapitiCore.wappalyzer.wappalyzer import Wappalyzer, ApplicationData, ApplicationDataException
from wapitiCore.definitions.fingerprint import SoftwareNameDisclosureFinding
from wapitiCore.definitions.fingerprint_webserver import WebServerVersionDisclosureFinding
from wapitiCore.definitions.fingerprint_webapp import SoftwareVersionDisclosureFinding
from wapitiCore.net import Request

MSG_TECHNO_VERSIONED = "{0} {1} detected"
MSG_CATEGORIES = "  -> Categories: {0}"
MSG_GROUPS = "  -> Group(s): {0}"
MSG_CPE = "  -> CPE: {0}"

BULK_SIZE = 50
VERSION_REGEX = re.compile(r"^\d[\w.-]*$")

SCRIPT = (
    "wapiti_results = {};\n"
    "for (var js_tech in wapiti_tests) {\n"
    "  js_tech_results = [];\n"
    "  for (var i in wapiti_tests[js_tech]) {\n"
    "    try {\n"
    "      js_tech_results.push([String(eval(wapiti_tests[js_tech][i])), wapiti_tests[js_tech][i]]);\n"
    "    } catch(wapiti_error) {\n"
    "      continue;\n"
    "    }\n"
    "  }\n"
    "  if (js_tech_results.length) {\n"
    "    wapiti_results[js_tech] = js_tech_results;\n"
    "  }\n"
    "}\n"
    "return wapiti_results;\n"
)


def _is_valid_json(response):
    try:
        return json.loads(response.content)
    except json.JSONDecodeError:
        return False


def is_json_file(filepath):
    try:
        with open(filepath, 'r', encoding="utf-8") as f:
            json.load(f)
    except json.JSONDecodeError as json_error:
        raise ValueError(f"{filepath} is not a valid JSON.") from json_error
    except FileNotFoundError as file_not_found_error:
        raise OSError(f"{filepath} does not exist !") from file_not_found_error
    return True


def merge_json_files(directory_path, output_file):
    # Get a list of all files in the directory
    files = [f for f in os.listdir(directory_path) if f.endswith('.json')]

    # Check if there are any JSON files in the directory
    if not files:
        raise OSError(f"{directory_path} does not contain any file !")

    # Initialize an empty dictionary to store the merged JSON data
    merged_data = {}

    # Iterate through each JSON file and merge its contents
    for file_name in files:
        file_path = os.path.join(directory_path, file_name)

        try:
            with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
                file_data = json.load(file)
                merged_data.update(file_data)
        except json.JSONDecodeError as json_error:
            raise ValueError(f"{file_name} is not a valid JSON.") from json_error

    # Write the merged JSON data to the output file
    with open(output_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as output:
        json.dump(merged_data, output, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)


def get_tests(data: dict):
    tests = {}

    for tech in data:
        if "js" not in data[tech] or not data[tech]["js"]:
            continue

        tuples = sorted(data[tech]["js"].items(), key=lambda x: len(x[1]), reverse=True)
        tests[tech] = [key_value[0] for key_value in tuples]
        if len(tests) >= BULK_SIZE:
            yield tests
            tests = {}

    if tests:
        yield tests


class ModuleWapp(Attack):
    """
    Identify web technologies used by the web server using Wappalyzer database.
    """

    name = "wapp"

    BASE_URL = Attack.wapp_url
    WAPP_DIR = Attack.wapp_dir
    WAPP_CATEGORIES = "categories.json"
    WAPP_GROUPS = "groups.json"
    WAPP_TECHNOLOGIES = "technologies.json"
    user_config_dir = None
    finished = False
    # Store the gitlab private token from env variable
    gitlab_private_token = None

    def __init__(self, crawler, persister, attack_options, crawler_configuration):
        Attack.__init__(self, crawler, persister, attack_options, crawler_configuration)
        self.user_config_dir = self.persister.CONFIG_DIR
        if not os.path.isdir(self.user_config_dir):
            os.makedirs(self.user_config_dir)

        self._cve_checker = CVEChecker(self.user_config_dir)

    async def copy_files_to_conf(self, files_to_copy: List[str]):
        """
        This function copies wapp DB files specified as arguments to the config directory.
        """
        for source_file in files_to_copy:
            # Check if file exists before attempting to copy
            if not os.path.isfile(source_file):
                logging.error(f"Warning: File {source_file} does not exist, skipping.")
                continue

            # Construct the destination file path using the filename
            destination_file = os.path.join(self.user_config_dir, os.path.basename(source_file))

            try:
                shutil.copy(source_file, destination_file)
                logging.info(f"Copied {source_file} to {destination_file}")
            except shutil.Error as err:
                logging.error(f"Error copying {source_file}: {err}")

    async def update(self):
        await self.update_nvd()
        await self.update_wappalyzer()

    async def update_nvd(self):
        """Update NVD archives from GitHub releases."""
        for software_name in SUPPORTED_SOFTWARES:
            await self.download_latest_release_asset(software_name, self.user_config_dir)

    async def update_wappalyzer(self):
        """Update the Wappalizer from the web and load the patterns."""
        self.gitlab_private_token = os.environ.get("GITLAB_PRIVATE_TOKEN", None)

        sources = ["src/categories.json", "src/technologies/", "src/groups.json"]
        if self.gitlab_private_token:
            # file path needs to be URL-encoded
            # https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/api/repository_files.html#get-raw-file-from-repository
            sources = [quote_plus(src) for src in sources]

        wapp_categories_url = f"{self.BASE_URL}{sources[0]}"
        wapp_technologies_base_url = f"{self.BASE_URL}{sources[1]}"
        wapp_groups_url = f"{self.BASE_URL}{sources[2]}"

        if self.WAPP_DIR:
            categories_file_path = os.path.join(self.WAPP_DIR, self.WAPP_CATEGORIES)
            groups_file_path = os.path.join(self.WAPP_DIR, self.WAPP_GROUPS)
            technologies_directory_path = os.path.join(self.WAPP_DIR, "technologies/")
            technologies_file_path = os.path.join(self.WAPP_DIR, self.WAPP_TECHNOLOGIES)

            try:
                merge_json_files(technologies_directory_path, technologies_file_path)
            except (ValueError, OSError) as error:
                logging.error(error)
                raise ValueError(f"Update failed : Something went wrong with files in {self.WAPP_DIR}") from error

            try:
                if is_json_file(categories_file_path) and is_json_file(groups_file_path) \
                        and is_json_file(technologies_file_path):
                    files_list = [categories_file_path, groups_file_path, technologies_file_path]
                    try:
                        await self.copy_files_to_conf(files_list)
                    except ValueError:
                        return
                else:
                    return
            except (ValueError, OSError) as error:
                logging.error(error)
                raise ValueError(f"Update failed : Something went wrong with files in {self.WAPP_DIR}") from error

        elif self.BASE_URL:
            if not is_valid_url(self.BASE_URL):
                raise InvalidOptionValue(
                    "--wapp-url", self.BASE_URL
                )
            try:
                await self._load_wapp_database(
                    wapp_categories_url,
                    wapp_technologies_base_url,
                    wapp_groups_url
                )
            except RequestError as e:
                logging.error(f"RequestError occurred: {e}")
                raise
            except IOError:
                logging.error("Error downloading wapp database.")
            except ValueError as e:
                logging.error(f"Value error: {e}")
                raise

    async def must_attack(self, request: Request, response: Optional[Response] = None):
        if self.finished:
            return False

        if request.method == "POST":
            return False

        return request.url == await self.persister.get_root_url()

    async def attack(self, request: Request, response: Optional[Response] = None):
        self.finished = True
        categories_file_path = os.path.join(self.user_config_dir, self.WAPP_CATEGORIES)
        groups_file_path = os.path.join(self.user_config_dir, self.WAPP_GROUPS)
        technologies_file_path = os.path.join(self.user_config_dir, self.WAPP_TECHNOLOGIES)

        try:
            await self._verify_wapp_database(categories_file_path, technologies_file_path, groups_file_path)
        except ValueError:
            return

        try:
            application_data = ApplicationData(categories_file_path, groups_file_path, technologies_file_path)
        except FileNotFoundError as exception:
            logging.error(exception)
            logging.error("Try using --store-session option, or update apps.json using --update option.")
            return
        except ApplicationDataException as exception:
            logging.error(exception)
            return

        detected_applications, sent_request, response = await self._detect_applications(request.url, application_data)

        if detected_applications:
            log_blue("---")

        for application_name in sorted(detected_applications, key=lambda x: x.lower()):

            versions = detected_applications[application_name]["versions"]
            categories = detected_applications[application_name]["categories"]
            groups = detected_applications[application_name]["groups"]
            cpe = detected_applications[application_name]["cpe"]

            log_blue(MSG_TECHNO_VERSIONED, application_name, versions)
            log_blue(MSG_CATEGORIES, categories)
            log_blue(MSG_GROUPS, groups)
            if cpe:
                log_blue(MSG_CPE, cpe)

            log_blue("")
            await self.add_info(
                finding_class=SoftwareNameDisclosureFinding,
                request=sent_request,
                info=json.dumps(detected_applications[application_name]),
                response=response
            )

            if versions:
                if "Web servers" in categories:
                    await self.add_info(
                        finding_class=WebServerVersionDisclosureFinding,
                        request=sent_request,
                        info=json.dumps(detected_applications[application_name]),
                        response=response
                    )
                else:
                    await self.add_info(
                        finding_class=SoftwareVersionDisclosureFinding,
                        request=sent_request,
                        info=json.dumps(detected_applications[application_name]),
                        response=response
                    )

                if application_name == "Apache HTTP Server":
                    application_name = "apache"

                if is_cve_supported_software(application_name):
                    if await self.download_latest_release_asset(application_name.lower(), self.user_config_dir):
                        async for severity, message in self.get_vulnerabilities(application_name.lower(), versions):
                            log_severity(severity, "---")
                            log_severity(severity, message)
                            log_severity(severity, "---")

                            await self.add_payload(
                                finding_class=VulnerableSoftwareFinding,
                                level=severity,
                                info=message,
                                request=sent_request,
                                response=response
                            )

    async def get_vulnerabilities(self, software_name: str, versions: List[str]) -> AsyncIterator[Tuple[int, str]]:
        detected_cves = set()
        for version in versions:
            for cve in self._cve_checker.get_cves(software_name.lower(), version):
                if cve["id"] in detected_cves:
                    continue

                detected_cves.add(cve["id"])
                # Get the score for the most recent CVSS standard and break
                for cvss_format in ["cvss4", "cvss3.1", "cvss3", "cvss2"]:
                    if cvss_format in cve:
                        severity = cvss_score_to_wapiti_level(cve[cvss_format])
                        message = f"{software_name} {cve['id']}: {cve['description']}"
                        yield severity, message
                        break

    async def _detect_applications(
            self,
            url: str,
            application_data: ApplicationData
    ) -> Tuple[Dict, Request, Optional[Response]]:
        detected_applications = {}
        response = None

        if self.options.get("headless", "no") != "no":
            headless_results = await self._detect_applications_headless(url)
        else:
            headless_results = {}

        # Detecting the applications for the url with and without the follow_redirects flag
        for follow_redirect in [True, False]:
            request = Request(url)

            try:
                response = await self.crawler.async_send(request, follow_redirects=follow_redirect)
            except RequestError:
                self.network_errors += 1
                continue

            wappalyzer = Wappalyzer(application_data, response, headless_results)
            detected_applications.update(wappalyzer.detect())

        return detected_applications, request, response

    async def _dump_url_content_to_file(self, url: str, file_path: str):
        request = Request(url)
        try:
            response = await self.crawler.async_send(request)
        except RequestError:
            self.network_errors += 1
            raise

        if response.status != 200:
            logging.error(f"Error: Non-200 status code for {url}")
            return

        if not _is_valid_json(response):
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid or empty JSON response for {url}")

        with open(file_path, 'wb') as file:
            file.write(response.bytes)

    async def _load_wapp_database(self, categories_url: str, technologies_base_url: str, groups_url: str):
        categories_file_path = os.path.join(self.user_config_dir, self.WAPP_CATEGORIES)
        groups_file_path = os.path.join(self.user_config_dir, self.WAPP_GROUPS)
        technologies_file_path = os.path.join(self.user_config_dir, self.WAPP_TECHNOLOGIES)
        technology_files_names = list(map(lambda file_name: file_name + ".json", list("_" + string.ascii_lowercase)))
        technologies = {}

        # Requesting all technologies one by one
        for technology_file_name in technology_files_names:
            technologies_file_url = technologies_base_url + technology_file_name
            headers = {}

            if self.gitlab_private_token:
                technologies_file_url = technologies_file_url + "/raw"
                headers = {"PRIVATE_TOKEN": self.gitlab_private_token}

            request = Request(technologies_file_url)

            try:
                response: Response = await self.crawler.async_send(request, headers=headers)
            except RequestError:
                self.network_errors += 1
                raise

            if response.status != 200:
                raise ValueError(f"{technologies_base_url} is not a valid URL for a wapp database")

            # Merging all technologies in one object
            technologies.update(response.json)

        # Saving technologies
        with open(technologies_file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
            json.dump(technologies, file)

        try:
            # Saving categories & groups
            await asyncio.gather(
                self._dump_url_content_to_file(categories_url, categories_file_path),
                self._dump_url_content_to_file(groups_url, groups_file_path)
            )
        except RequestError as req_error:
            logging.error(f"Caught a RequestError: {req_error}")
            raise
        except ValueError as value_error:
            logging.error(f"Caught a ValueError: {value_error}")
            raise

    async def _verify_wapp_database(
            self,
            categories_file_path: str,
            technologies_base_path: str,
            groups_file_path: str
    ):
        try:
            with open(categories_file_path, encoding='utf-8') as categories_file, \
                    open(technologies_base_path, encoding='utf-8') as technologies_file, \
                    open(groups_file_path, encoding='utf-8') as groups_file:
                json.load(categories_file)
                json.load(technologies_file)
                json.load(groups_file)
        except (IOError, FileNotFoundError):
            logging.warning("Problem with local wapp database.")
            logging.info("Downloading from the web...")
            await self.update_wappalyzer()

    async def _detect_applications_headless(self, url: str) -> dict:
        proxy_settings = None
        if self.crawler_configuration.proxy:
            proxy = urlparse(self.crawler_configuration.proxy).netloc
            proxy_settings = {
                "proxyType": 'manual',
                "httpProxy": proxy,
                "sslProxy": proxy
            }

        service = services.Geckodriver(log_file=os.devnull)
        browser = browsers.Firefox(
            proxy=proxy_settings,
            acceptInsecureCerts=True,
            **{
                "moz:firefoxOptions": {
                    "prefs": {
                        "network.proxy.allow_hijacking_localhost": True,
                        "devtools.jsonview.enabled": False,
                    },
                    "args": ["-headless"]
                }
            }
        )

        technologies_file_path = os.path.join(self.user_config_dir, self.WAPP_TECHNOLOGIES)
        final_results = {}

        with open(technologies_file_path, encoding="utf-8") as fd:
            data = json.load(fd)
            try:
                async with get_session(service, browser) as headless_client:
                    await headless_client.get(url, timeout=self.crawler_configuration.timeout)
                    await asyncio.sleep(5)
                    for tests in get_tests(data):
                        script = f"wapiti_tests = {json.dumps(tests)};\n" + SCRIPT
                        try:
                            results = await headless_client.execute_script(script)
                            for software, version_and_js in results.items():
                                waiting_version = []
                                validated = False
                                for version, js in version_and_js:
                                    expected_format = data[software]["js"][js]
                                    if version == "undefined":
                                        continue

                                    if not expected_format or expected_format.startswith(r"\;confidence:"):
                                        if VERSION_REGEX.match(version):
                                            # some false positives here
                                            final_results[software] = [version]
                                            break
                                        if software not in final_results:
                                            validated = True
                                            final_results[software] = []
                                    elif expected_format.startswith(r"\;version:"):
                                        final_results[software] = [expected_format.split(':')[1]]
                                    elif isinstance(version, str):
                                        if r"\;confidence:0" in expected_format:
                                            waiting_version.append(version)
                                        elif r"\;version:" in expected_format:
                                            final_results[software] = [version]
                                            break
                                    # Other cases seems to be some kind of false positives
                                if validated and waiting_version and not final_results[software]:
                                    final_results[software] = waiting_version
                        except (JavascriptError, UnknownError) as exception:
                            logging.exception(exception)
                            continue

            except (ArsenicError, FileNotFoundError, asyncio.TimeoutError):
                # Geckodriver may be missing, etc
                pass

        return final_results

    @cached()
    async def get_nvd_release_data(self):
        release_url = "https://api.github.com/repos/wapiti-scanner/nvd-web-cves/releases/latest"

        # Create and send the request to get the latest release
        release_request = Request(release_url)
        release_response = await self.crawler.async_send(release_request)
        return release_response.json

    async def download_latest_release_asset(self, software_name: str, dest_folder: str) -> bool:
        # Ensure the destination folder exists
        os.makedirs(os.path.join(dest_folder, CVE_DIRECTORY), exist_ok=True)
        file_name = software_name.lower().replace(".", "").replace("-", "") + ".json.xz"
        file_path = os.path.join(dest_folder, CVE_DIRECTORY, file_name)
        if os.path.isfile(file_path):
            return True

        log_blue(f"Downloading CVE data for {software_name}")

        try:
            # The response is cached as we don't want to repeat the same query for each received software name
            latest_release = await self.get_nvd_release_data()
        except RequestError as exception:
            logging.error(f"Could not fetch wapiti-scanner/nvd-web-cves CVE index for {software_name}: {exception}")
            return False

        # Find the asset related to the software_name
        asset = next((a for a in latest_release.get("assets", []) if file_name in a["name"]), None)
        if asset is None:
            logging.error(f"No CVE data found for {software_name} on wapiti-scanner/nvd-web-cves")
            return False

        # Download the asset
        download_url = asset["browser_download_url"]
        download_request = Request(download_url)
        try:
            download_response = await self.crawler.async_send(download_request, follow_redirects=True)
        except RequestError as exception:
            logging.error("Could not fetch CVE data for %s: %s", software_name, exception)
            return False

        # Save the downloaded content to the file
        with open(file_path, "wb") as file:
            file.write(download_response.bytes)

        return True
